介紹CentOS yum使用基本進(jìn)行整理
對大家推薦很好使用的CentOS yum使用系統(tǒng)之前，像讓大家對CentOS yum使用系統(tǒng)有所了解，然后對CentOS yum使用系統(tǒng)全面講解介紹，希望對大家有用CentOS yum使用 CentOS應(yīng)該是做為服務(wù)器的linux的佼佼者。
CentOS采用的二進(jìn)制包是rpm，不過包的依賴性解決有時候卻是個問題。我比較喜歡debian的apt,非常方便。以前以為RedHat linux沒這么方便，后來發(fā)現(xiàn)CentOS yum是個不錯的東西。CentOS yum使用和apt有幾分相似，這樣一來對于許多包的安裝就方便多了。這篇文章主要講兩點(diǎn)內(nèi)容，一是CentOS yum使用方法的整理;二是找一個比較快的國內(nèi)的源，這樣一來，CentOS yum使用的大體過程就解決了。
1.CentOS yum使用:
1)包的更新
1.1)檢查可更新包: yum check-update
1.2)更新所有包: yum update
1.3)更新指定包: yum update package_name
1.4)版本升級: yum upgrade
2)包安裝與刪除
2.1)yum install package_name
2.2)yum remove package_name
3)包搜索
3.1)搜索特定包: yum search package_name
3.2)搜索包含特定文件名的包:yum provides name
4)包列表
4.1)列出所有安裝或更新的包: yum list
4.2)列出指定包:yum list name
4.3)列出可更新包:yum list updates
4.4)列出已安裝包:yum list installed
4.5)列出已安裝但不包含在資源庫中的包:yum list extras
2.CentOS yum源設(shè)定
2.1)加快yum下載速度: yum -y install yum-fastestmirror,在CentOs 4上名字叫做yum-plugin-fastestmirror
2.2)yum源文件:/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
2.3)CentOS 5的yum源設(shè)為上海交通大學(xué)網(wǎng)站
CentOS-Base.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-5 - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&
repo=os
#baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#released updates
[update]
name=CentOS-5 - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-5 - Addons
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-5 - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-5 - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=4&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
a.執(zhí)行64位：rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-532位：rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
b.執(zhí)行 yum update.
設(shè)置CentOS yum源為國內(nèi)服務(wù)器
# CentOS-Base.repo
# This file uses a new mirrorlist system developed by Lance Davis for CentOS.
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
[base]
name=CentOS-5 - Base
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/os/i386/
gpgcheck=1
#released updates
[update]
name=CentOS-5 - Updates
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/updates/i386/
gpgcheck=1
#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-5 - Addons
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/addons/i386/
gpgcheck=1
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-5 - Extras
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/extras/i386/
gpgcheck=1
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-5 - Plus
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/centosplus/i386/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/contrib/i386/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
#packages in testing
[testing]
name=CentOS-5 - Testing
baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/testing/i386/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
a.執(zhí)行:rpm --import http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
3.這一篇文章只是就CentOS yum使用的基本進(jìn)行整理，尚有許多未涉及到的地方。不過基本的CentOS yum使用已經(jīng)足夠。
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