Nagios監控系統搭建問題
作者：佚名
nagios監控系統搭建問題：Nagios是一個監控系統運行狀態和網絡信息的監控系統。Nagios能監控所指定的本地或遠程主機以及服務，同時提供異常通知功能等。這篇文章主要講的是如何搭建nagios監控系統。
nagios監控系統搭建問題
近段時間一直在研究nagios監控系統，借鑒了不少高手的文章，費了不少功夫總算把它搞定了，以下就是具體的安裝過程，更深層的監控項目還有待進一步研究，希望大家給點建設!!
#===========================安裝 Nagios ========================================
- cd /opt
- groupadd nagios
- groupadd nagcmd
- useradd nagios -g nagcmd -d /usr/local/nagios
- chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/
- chmod 755 /usr/local/nagios
- wget [url]http://osdn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagios/nagios-3.0.2.tar.gz[/url]
- tar -zxvf nagios-3.0.2.tar.gz
- cd nagios-3.0.2
- ./configure –with-command-group=nagcmd
- make all
- make install
- make install-init
- make install-config
- make install-commandmode
- /usr/local/apache2/bin/htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
- #編輯httpd.conf配置文件
- ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin “/usr/local/nagios/sbin”
- # SSLRequireSSL
- Options ExecCGI
- AllowOverride None
- Order allow,deny
- Allow from all
- # Order deny,allow
- # Deny from all
- # Allow from 127.0.0.1
- AuthName “Nagios Access”
- AuthType Basic
- AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
- Require valid-user
- Alias /nagios “/usr/local/nagios/share”
- # SSLRequireSSL
- Options None
- AllowOverride None
- Order allow,deny
- Allow from all
- # Order deny,allow
- # Deny from all
- # Allow from 127.0.0.1
- AuthName “Nagios Access”
- AuthType Basic
- AuthUserFile /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users
- Require valid-user
- #重啟apache
- killall httpd
#p#
#============================安裝nagios plugins=========================
- cd /opt
- wget [url]http://osdn.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nagiosplug/nagios-plugins-1.4.11.tar.gz[/url]
- tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.11.tar.gz
- cd nagios-plugins-1.4.11
- ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nagios –with-nagios-user=nagios –with-nagios-gourp=nagios –with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql5/ –enable-perl-modules
- make
- make install
- #配置和啟動nagios
- /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
- #如果提示“Whoops! Error: Could not read object configuration data! ”，這是因為沒有啟動nagios后臺進程，執行以下命令
- /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
#p#
#=============================安裝nrpe 插件==============================
- #對遠程一臺linux主機進行監控
- #監控服務器上安裝設置
- cd /opt
- wget [url]http://www.mirrors.wiretapped.net/security/network-monitoring/nagios/nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gz[/url]
- #監控主機上安裝方法
- tar -zxvf nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gz
- cd nrpe-2.8.1
- ./configure
- make all
- make install
- make install-plugin
—監控機需要安裝check_nrpe這個插件,被監控機并不需要
##########################################################################
- #被監控主機上安裝方法
- cd /opt
- useradd nagios -d /usr/local/nagios
- chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/
- tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.11.tar.gz
- cd nagios-plugins-1.4.11
- ./configure –enable-perl-modules –with-ping-command=ping
- make
- make install
- cd /opt
- tar -zxvf nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gz
- cd nrpe-2.8.1
- ./configure
- make all
- make install
- make install-plugin
- make install-daemon
- make install-daemon-config
- vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.conf
- allowed_hosts=192.168.8.150
- #為了監控swap在nrpe.cfg中添加
- command[check_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 20% -c 10%
- command[check_sda1]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20 -c 10 -p /dev/sda1
- #sdb1可根椐實際情況更改，我這里的硬盤類型是scsi
- vi /etc/services
- #增加nrpe
- nrpe 5666/tcp # nrpe
- #啟動nrpe
- /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d
- netstat -at|grep nrpe
- netstat -an|grep 5666
#############################################################################
- #再對監控服務器進行設置
- #添加nrpe的定義
- vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
- # ‘check_nrpe ‘ command definition
- define command{
- command_name check_nrpe
- command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$
- }
- vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg
把use_authentication=1修改為use_authentication=0如果出現頁面無法顯示之類的
- authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,kerry –kerry為http訪問授權用戶
- authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,kerry
- authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,kerry
- authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,kerry
- authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,kerry
- #測試NRPE是否則正常工作
- /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost
- killall nagios
- /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
- echo “/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg –d” >> /etc/rc.local
- ehco “/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg” >>/etc/rc.local
- #問題：notifications for this service have been disabled
- #解決辦法：enable notifications for this service
- #問題：Status Map頁面無法顯示
- #解決方法：ln -s /usr/local/lib/libgd.so.2 /usr/lib/libgd.so.2
- vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
- #添加
- cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/emos-mailserver.cfg
- #emos-mailserver.cfg這個文件名可以自定義
- #對剛定義的emos-mailserver.cfg文件進行配置
- vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/emos-mailserver.cfg
- define host{
- use linux-server
- host_name emos-mailserver
- alias emos-mailserver
- address 192.168.8.151
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description HTTP
- check_command check_http
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description SSH
- check_command check_ssh
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description SMTP
- check_command check_smtp
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description POP3
- check_command check_pop
- }
- #define service{
- # use generic-service
- # host_name emos-mailserver
- # service_description mysql
- # check_command check_mysql
- # }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description check-swap
- check_command check_nrpe!check_swap
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description check-load
- check_command check_nrpe!check_load
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description check-disk
- check_command check_nrpe!check_sda1
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description zombie_procs
- check_command check_nrpe!check_zombie_procs
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description check-users
- check_command check_nrpe!check_users
- }
- define service{
- use generic-service
- host_name emos-mailserver
- service_description total_procs
- check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs
- #配置完后，重啟nagios
- killall nagios
- service nagios start
- pstree |grep nagios
- [url]http://192.168.8.150/nagios[/url]
#p#
#=============================安裝 pnp===============================================
- cd /opt
- tar zxvf pnp-0.4.12.tar.gz
- cd pnp-0.4.12
- ./configure –with-nagios-user=nagios \
- –with-nagios-group-nagios \
- –with-rrdtool=/usr/local/rrdtool/bin/rrdtool \
- –with-perfdata-dir=/usr/local/nagios/share/perfdata
- make
- make all
- make install
- make install-config
- make install-init
- #錯誤提示：RRDs Perl Modules: *** NOT FOUND ***
- #解決方法：ln -sv /usr/local/rrdtool/lib/perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/auto/RRDs/RRDs.so /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi/
- #要產生圖形數據還需在commands.cfg中重定義命令：
- define command{
- command_name process-service-perfdata
- command_line /usr/local/nagios/libexec/process_perfdata.pl
- }
- #產生圖形數據還要設定nagios.cfg文件：
- process_performance_data=1
- service_perfdata_command=process-service-perfdata
- [url]http://192.168.8.150/nagios/pnp/[/url]
#p#
#==========================監控遠程windows主機==================================
- #監控windows服務器
- wget [url]http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/nscplus/NSClient++-Win32-0.3.5.zip[/url]
解壓nsclient++0.3.3.zip到c盤根目錄
解壓為C:\NSClient++
- #在nagios監控服務器上
- vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
- cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg 去掉這句話的注釋
- #到win服務器上，打開命令窗口，cd到剛才解壓的目錄
- #在命令行界面執行 nsclient++ /install
- #然后 nsclient++ SysTray 如果出錯不用管!
- #此時在“服務”里面已經有了nsclient的服務
雙擊打開,點”登錄”標簽,在”允許服務與桌面交互”前打勾
#編輯NES.ini，在 [modules] 選項里，去掉所有的注釋符號; 除了
CheckWMI.dll和RemoteConfiguration.dll
#the [Settings] 選項里
修改allowd_host=192.168.8.150(nagios服務器的ip)
#[NSClient] 里面，去掉port=12489的注釋!他靠端口12489偵聽，所以防火墻要打開這個端口!
在[Settings]部分設置’password’選項來設置密碼,作用是在nagios連接過來時要求提供密碼.這一步是可選的,我這里方便起見跳過它,不要密碼.
#然后啟動nsclient
nsclient++ /start
#接下來我們開始配置nagios服務器里面的內容
- vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/windows.cfg
- define host{
- use windows-server
- host_name winserver alias
- My Windows Server
- address 192.168.8.151 –windows服務器的IP地址
- }
- #修改hostname和address，很重要!!
- #重新啟動監控服務器上的nagios
- killall nagios
- service nagios start
#p#
#==============================安裝 sengEmail ==================================
- #使用sendEmail發送報警郵件
- cd /opt
- wget [url]http://caspian.dotconf.net/menu/Software/SendEmail/sendEmail-v1.55.tar.gz[/url]
- tar -zxvf sendEmail-v1.55.tar.gz
- cd sendEmail-v1.55
- cp sendEmail /usr/local/bin
- chmod +x /usr/local/bin/sendEmail
- #sendEmail使用方法
- /usr/local/bin/sendEmail –f kerry.hu@3aaa.com –t kerry.hu@3aaa.com –s mail.3aaa.com –u “from nagios” –xu kerry.hu@3aaa.com –xp 11111 –m happy
- #解釋:-f 表示發送者的郵箱
- -t 表示接收者的郵箱
- -s 表示SMTP服務器的域名或者ip
- -u 表示郵件的主題
- -xu 表示SMTP驗證的用戶名
- -xp 表示SMTP驗證的密碼(注意,這個密碼貌似有限制,例如我用d!5neyland就不能被正確識別)
- -m 表示郵件的內容如果你不帶-m參數的話,就會提示你自行輸入
- #編輯配置文件，nagios使用sendEmail來發警告郵件
- vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
- # ‘notify-host-by-email’ command definition
- define command{
- command_name notify-host-by-email
- command_line /usr/bin/printf “%b” “***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n” | /usr/local/bin/sendEmail –f kerry.hu@3aaa.com –t $CONTACTEMAIL$ –s mail.3aaa.com –u “** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **” –xu kerry.hu@3aaa.com –xp 11111
- }
- # ‘notify-service-by-email’ command definition
- define command{
- command_name notify-service-by-email
- command_line /usr/bin/printf “%b” “***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$” | /usr/local/bin/sendEmail –f kerry.hu@3aaa.com –t $CONTACTEMAIL$ –s mail.3aaa.com –u “** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **” –xu kerry.hu@3aaa.com –xp 111111
- }
- #注：在使用sendEmail的過程中無法發送報警郵件，不知是什么原因，只好改用系統自帶的sendmail發郵件!!
Nagios監控系統搭建問題講述到這里啦。
【編輯推薦】
責任編輯：zhaolei
來源：
nagiostutorial
