名字

xpdf -Portable Document Format(PDF)文件閱讀器(版本0.90)  

總覽

xpdf [選項] [PDF文件 [page]]  

描述

Xpdf是一個 Portable Document Format(PDF) 文件閱讀軟件.(PDF文件也經常被稱為Acrobat 文件,這種叫法來源于Adobe公司的PDF軟件的名字.) Xpdf運行在UNIX,VMS和OS/2的X Window系統下.

運行xpdf,只要鍵入:

xpdf file.pdf

file.pdf 是你的PDF文件.文件名字后面可以跟隨一個數字,用于指定最先顯示的頁面的頁碼,比如:

xpdf file.pdf 18

你當然也可以啟動xpdf而不打開任何文件.

xpdf

選項

方括弧中列出了X資源和相應的選項

-err

將錯誤信息指定送到/dev/tty而不是標準錯誤中(此選項當xpdf被其它程序,比如netscape,打開時,十分有用,否則,每個錯誤都會彈出一個令人討厭的小窗口).

-z zoom

設定初始的放大因子.放大因子是(-5..5)之間的一個數字,其中0表示72dpi.你也可以通過`page`設定顯示頁面大小配合窗口大小,或者通過`width`設定顯示頁面寬度配合窗口寬度. [xpdf.initialZoom]

-g geometry

設定窗口的初始幾何參數. (相當于-geometry.) [xpdf.geometry]

-remote name]

啟動/連接名為name的xpdf遠程服務器(參見后面的"遠程服務器模式"部分)

-raise

建立xpdf遠程服務器窗口.(僅適用于-remote時)

-quit

退出xpdf遠程服務器.(僅適用于-remote時)

-cmap

安裝一個自定義的色彩地圖.此選項在TrueColor模式下無效. [xpdf.installCmap]

-rgb number

設置xpdf將要分配的最大RGB值.缺省值是5(即RGB值5x5x5); 設置一個小數值,可以節省色彩表記錄.在自定義色彩地圖和TrueColor模式下,此選項無效.

-papercolor color

設置"頁面色彩",比如,頁面的顯示背景.當pdf文件出現類似在字符后填充白色等情況的時候,此選項無法正常工作. [xpdf.paperColor]

-eucjp

復制字符時,將日文字符轉換成EUC-JP編碼.這是至今為止唯一的日文字符轉換選項---它的唯一作用就是將非日文字符轉換成7-bit的ASCII,以便于配合EUC-JP編碼.(此選項只有在編譯pdftotext時加上日文支持才有效) [xpdf.eucjp]

-t1lib font-type

設定使用t1lib類型的字體提供器.選項為`none`(完全不使用t1lib),`plain`(使用non-anti-aliased字體),`low`或`high`(使用low-level或者high-level anti-aliased 字體). [xpdf.t1libControl]

-ps PS-file

設定缺省的PostScript輸出文件的名字.此選項也可以以`|command`的形式,通過某個命令來管道PostScript文件. [xpdf.psFile]

-paperw size

設定頁面寬度,單位是像素點. [xpdf.psPaperWidth]

-paperh size

設定頁面高度,單位是像素點. [xpdf.psPaperHeight]

-level1

產生Level1 PostScript文件.輸出的PostScript文件相當的大(如果它包含圖片的話),但是確可以在Level 1打印機上打印輸出.此選項將所有的圖像轉換成黑白圖像. [xpdf.psLevel1]

-cmd

打印出命令的執行結果(在調試時有用)

-q

不打印任何信息或者錯誤

-h

打印幫助信息 (相當于-help)

一些其他的X選項和資源同樣可以如預期的一樣執行

-display display

[xpdf.display]

-fg color

[相當于-foreground] [xpdf.foreground] -bg color (相當于-background) [xpdf.background]

-font font

(相當于-fn) [xpdf.font]

色彩和字體選項只影響用戶界面部分,不影響PDF文件的顯示.(`paper`)

下列的X資源沒有對應的命令行選項

xpdf.urlCommand

設定,當你點擊網絡鏈接時執行的命令.詳情參見后面的 網絡瀏覽器 部分.

xpdf.japaneseFont

設定用于使用日文字符的相應的X字體模式.缺省的是:

-*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-%s-*-*-*-*-*-jisx0208.1983-0

xpdf.viKeys

設定將左,右,上和下的滾動由`h`,`l`,`k`和`j`鍵執行.

下面的資源用于設定文件名字使用的14種基本的Type 1字體.

xpdf.t1TimesRoman
xpdf.t1TimesItalic
xpdf.t1TimesBold
xpdf.t1TimesBoldItalic
xpdf.t1Helvetica
xpdf.t1HelveticaOblique
xpdf.t1HelveticaBold
xpdf.t1HelveticaBoldOblique
xpdf.t1Courier
xpdf.t1CourierOblique
xpdf.t1CourierBold
xpdf.t1CourierBoldOblique
xpdf.t1Symbol
xpdf.t1ZapfDingbats

如果激活t1lib,這些Type 1字體將被用于取代X服務器的字體.  

控制

屏幕控制在xpdf窗口的底部.

左/右箭頭按鍵

翻到前/后一頁

雙左/右箭頭按鍵

向前/后翻動10頁

破折號左/右箭頭按鍵

沿著歷史路徑向前/后翻動

`Page`輸入框

翻到指定的頁碼.通過點擊激活輸入框,輸入頁碼,然后回車.

放大縮小彈出菜單

調整放大因子.(參見前面-z選項的說明)

望遠鏡按鍵

查找某個文本.

打印機按鍵

彈出一個產生PostScript文件的對話框.對話框可以設定需要打印的頁面和PostScript文件的名字.當文件名字為'-'時,代表標準輸出,或者用'|command'通過某個命令來管道PostScript, 比如,'|lpr'.

'?'按鍵

彈出一個'about xpdf'窗口.

鏈接信息

當鼠標移動到某個鏈接的上面,`?`和`Quit`按鍵之間的空間用來顯示鏈接地址或者外部文件名.

`Quit`按鍵

退出xpdf.

菜單

按鼠標右鍵,會彈出一個含有以下命令的彈出菜單.

Open...

通過文件選擇器打開一個新文件.

Save PDF...

通過文件選擇器保存現有文件.

Rotate left

將當前頁面逆時針旋轉90度.

Rotate right

將當前頁面順時針旋轉90度.這兩個旋轉命令主要是為了那些沒有在文件中正確指定旋轉信息的PDF文件設計的,即使您的X服務器不支持字體旋轉,它依然起作用.

Quit

退出xpdf.

字符選擇

按住鼠標并拖動它,可以高亮出一個任意的矩形.任何在此矩形中的字符都會被復制到X選擇緩沖中去.

鏈接

點擊一個超級鏈接可以跳轉到此鏈接的目標地址中去.一個指向某個PDF文件的鏈接將促使xpdf打開此文件.一個指向某可執行程序的`launch`的鏈接將彈出一個對話框,如果您點擊`ok`,就會執行此程序.URL鏈接調出某個外部命令.(參見下面網絡瀏覽器部分.)

滾動

按住鼠標中鍵并拖動之,可以滾動頁面.

快捷鍵

o

通過文件選擇器打開一個新PDF文件.

f

查找字符串.

n

翻到下一頁.

p

翻到前一頁.

空格鍵,PageDown鍵或者Next鍵

向下滾動當前頁面,如果已經到達當前頁面低部,則翻到下一頁.

Backspace鍵,Delete鍵,PageUp或者Previous鍵

向上滾動當前頁面,如果已經到達頁面頂部,則翻到前一頁.

Home鍵

滾動到當前頁面頂部.

End鍵

滾動到當前頁面低部.

箭頭鍵

滾動當前頁面.

control-L

更新當前頁面.

q

退出xpdf.

網絡瀏覽器

如果您希望點擊一個指向PDF文件的鏈接時,從netscape或者mosaic(或者其他的瀏覽器)中自動啟動xpdf,您需要在您的用戶目錄下修改(或者創建) .mime.types 和 .mailcap 文件. 在 .mime.types 中加入一行:

application/pdf pdf

在 .mailcap 中加入:

# Use xpdf to view PDF files.

application/pdf; xpdf -err %s

確認xpdf在您的可執行查找路徑中.

當您點擊一個PDF文件中的URL鏈接,xpdf將執行一個由xpdf.urlCommand資源指定的命令,并將資源中`%s`替換為相應的URL.比如,指定netscape打開URL,可以這樣設定資源.

xpdf.urlCommand: netscape -remote `openURL(%s)`

遠程服務器模式

通過指定一個服務器的名字,xpdf可以以遠程服務器模式打開(和文件名,頁碼).

xpdf -remote myServer file.pdf

如果沒有xpdf運行在以myServer為名字的服務器模式中,那么一個新的xpdf窗口會被打開.此時,如果鍵入另一個命令:

xpdf -remote myServer another.pdf 9

則不會啟動新的xpdf,而前一個xpdf(服務器)將會打開 another.pdf 并且顯示第9頁.如果文件名字相同:

xpdf -remote myServer another.pdf 4

xpdf服務器將會簡單的顯示指定的頁面.

-raise選項通知服務器喚醒它的窗口.它既可以后面跟隨文件名和頁碼也可以單獨使用.

-quit選項通知服務器關閉窗口并且退出.  

選項文件

xpdf會從您的用戶目錄(如果有的話)中讀取一個叫做 .xpdfrc 的文件.這個文件可以包含兩種條目.

fontpath directory

在 dicrectory 中尋找Type 1字體. Xpdf只通過此條目獲得字體編碼.為了顯示,還要通過 fontmap 條目來布局字體.

fontmap PDF-font X-font

將 PDF-font (PDF文件中指定的)布局到 X-font 中去,X-font必須是一個在像素大小位置上含有`%s`的標準X字體描述.

比如,使用

fontmap TimesCE-Roman -*-times-medium-r-*-*-%s-*-*-*-*-*-iso8859-2

來布局Central European(Latin-2)版的Times-Roman字體.這里假設您已經安裝了適當的X字體(參見 mkfontdir(1) ). Xpdf理解ISO8859-2編碼,所以您不需要這些字體的 fontpath 條目. 使用Bakoma Type 1字體,可以這樣做:

fontpath /home/derekn/fonts/bakoma
fontmap cmb10 -bakoma-cmb10-medium-r-normal--%s-*-*-*-p-*-adobe-fontspecific
fontmap cmbsy10 -bakoma-cmbsy10-medium-r-normal--%s-*-*-*-p-*-adobe-fontspecific
etc...

這里假設Type 1字體在目錄 /home/derekn/fonts/bakoma 下.  

臭蟲

不支持TypeType和Type 3字體.  

作者

The xpdf software and documentation are copyright 1996-1999 Derek B. Noonburg (derekn@foolabs.com).  

另見

pdftops(1). pdftotext(1). pdfinfo(1). pdftopbm(1). pdfimages(1).
http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/

#p#

NAME

xpdf - Portable Document Format (PDF) file viewer for X (version 3.00)  

SYNOPSIS

xpdf [options] [PDF-file [page | +dest]]  

DESCRIPTION

Xpdf is a viewer for Portable Document Format (PDF) files. (These are also sometimes also called 'Acrobat' files, from the name of Adobe's PDF software.) Xpdf runs under the X Window System on UNIX, VMS, and OS/2.

To run xpdf, simply type:

xpdf file.pdf

where file.pdf is your PDF file. The file name can be followed by a number specifying the page which should be displayed first, e.g.:

xpdf file.pdf 18

You can also give a named destination, prefixed with '+' in place of the page number.

You can also start xpdf without opening any files:

xpdf

CONFIGURATION FILE

Xpdf reads a configuration file at startup. It first tries to find the user's private config file, ~/.xpdfrc. If that doesn't exist, it looks for a system-wide config file, typically /etc/xpdfrc (but this location can be changed when xpdf is built). See the xpdfrc(5) man page for details.  

OPTIONS

Many of the following options can be set with configuration file commands or X resources. These are listed in square brackets with the description of the corresponding command line option.

-g geometry

Set the initial window geometry. (-geometry is equivalent.) [X resource: xpdf.geometry]

-title title

Set the window title. By default, the title will be "xpdf: foo.pdf". [X resource: xpdf.title]

-cmap

Install a private colormap. This is ignored on TrueColor visuals. [X resource: xpdf.installCmap]

-rgb number

Set the size of largest RGB cube xpdf will try to allocate. The default is 5 (for a 5x5x5 cube); set to a smaller number to conserve color table entries. This is ignored with private colormaps and on TrueColor visuals. [X resource: xpdf.rgbCubeSize]

-rv

Set reverse video mode. This reverses the colors of everything except images. It may not always produce great results for PDF files which do weird things with color. This also causes the paper color to default to black. [X resource: xpdf.reverseVideo]

-papercolor color

Set the "paper color", i.e., the background of the page display. This will not work too well with PDF files that do things like filling in white behind the text. [X resource: xpdf.paperColor]

-z zoom

Set the initial zoom factor. A number specifies a zoom percentage, where 100 means 72 dpi.You may also specify 'page', to fit the page to the window size, or 'width', to fit the page width to the window width. [config file: initialZoom; or X resource: xpdf.initialZoom]

-t1lib yes | no

Enable or disable t1lib (a Type 1 font rasterizer). This defaults to "yes". [config file: enableT1lib]

-freetype yes | no

Enable or disable FreeType (a TrueType / Type 1 font rasterizer). This defaults to "yes". [config file: enableFreeType]

-aa yes | no

Enable or disable font anti-aliasing. This defaults to "yes". [config file: antialias]

-ps PS-file

Set the default file name for PostScript output. This can also be of the form '|command' to pipe the PostScript through a command. [config file: psFile]

-paper size

Set the paper size to one of "letter", "legal", "A4", or "A3". This can also be set to "match", which will set the paper size to match the size specified in the PDF file. [config file: psPaperSize]

-paperw size

Set the paper width, in points. [config file: psPaperSize]

-paperh size

Set the paper height, in points. [config file: psPaperSize]

-level1

Generate Level 1 PostScript. The resulting PostScript files will be significantly larger (if they contain images), but will print on Level 1 printers. This also converts all images to black and white. [config file: psLevel]

-enc encoding-name

Sets the encoding to use for text output. The encoding-name must be defined with the unicodeMap command (see xpdfrc(5)). This defaults to "Latin1" (which is a built-in encoding). [config file: textEncoding]

-eol unix | dos | mac

Sets the end-of-line convention to use for text output. [config file: textEOL]

-opw password

Specify the owner password for the PDF file. Providing this will bypass all security restrictions.

-upw password

Specify the user password for the PDF file.

-fullscreen

Open xpdf in a full-screen mode, useful for presentations. You may also want to specify '-bg black' (or similar) with this. (There is currently no way to switch between window and full-screen modes on the fly.)

-remote name

Start/contact xpdf remote server with specified name (see the REMOTE SERVER MODE section below).

-reload

Reload xpdf remote server window (with -remote only).

-raise

Raise xpdf remote server window (with -remote only).

-quit

Kill xpdf remote server (with -remote only).

-cmd

Print commands as they're executed (useful for debugging). [config file: printCommands]

-q

Don't print any messages or errors. [config file: errQuiet]

-cfg config-file

Read config-file in place of ~/.xpdfrc or the system-wide config file.

-v

Print copyright and version information.

-h

Print usage information. (-help and --help are equivalent.)

Several other standard X options and resources will work as expected:

-display display

[X resource: xpdf.display]

-fg color

(-foreground is equivalent.) [X resource: xpdf*Foreground]

-bg color

(-background is equivalent.) [X resource: xpdf*Background]

-font font

(-fn is equivalent.) [X resource: xpdf*fontList]

The color and font options only affect the user interface elements, not the PDF display (the 'paper').

The following X resources do not have command line option equivalents:

xpdf.viKeys

Enables the 'h', 'l', 'k' and 'j' keys for left, right, up, and down scrolling.

CONTROLS

On-screen controls, at the bottom of the xpdf window

left/right arrow buttons

Move to the previous/next page.

double left/right arrow buttons

Move backward or forward by ten pages.

dashed left/right arrow buttons

Move backward or forward along the history path.

'Page' entry box

Move to a specific page number. Click in the box to activate it, type the page number, then hit return.

zoom popup menu

Change the zoom factor (see the description of the -z option above).

binoculars button

Find a text string.

print button

Bring up a dialog for generating a PostScript file. The dialog has options to set the pages to be printed and the PostScript file name. The file name can be '-' for stdout or '|command' to pipe the PostScript through a command, e.g., '|lpr'.

'?' button

Bring up the 'about xpdf' window.

link info

The space between the '?' and 'Quit' buttons is used to show the URL or external file name when the mouse is over a link.

'Quit' button

Quit xpdf.

Menu

Pressing the right mouse button will post a popup menu with the following commands:

Open...

Open a new PDF file via a file requester.

Open in new window...

Create a new window and open a new PDF file via a file requester.

Reload

Reload the current PDF file. Note that Xpdf will reload the file automatically (on a page change or redraw) if it has changed since it was last loaded.

Save as...

Save the current file via a file requester.

Rotate counterclockwise

Rotate the page 90 degrees counterclockwise.

Rotate clockwise

Rotate the page 90 degrees clockwise. The two rotate commands are intended primarily for PDF files where the rotation isn't correctly specified in the file.

Close

Close the current window. If this is the only open window, the document is closed, but the window is left open (i.e., this menu command won't quit xpdf).

Quit

Quit xpdf.

Outline

If the PDF contains an outline (a.k.a., bookmarks), there will be an outline pane on the left side of the window. The width of the outline pane is adjustable with a vertical split bar via the knob near its bottom end.

Text selection

Dragging the mouse with the left button held down will highlight an arbitrary rectangle. Any text inside this rectangle will be copied to the X selection buffer.

Links

Clicking on a hyperlink will jump to the link's destination. A link to another PDF document will make xpdf load that document. A 'launch' link to an executable program will display a dialog, and if you click 'ok', execute the program. URL links call an external command (see the WEB BROWSERS section below).

Panning

Dragging the mouse with the middle button held down pans the window.

Key bindings

o

Open a new PDF file via a file requester.

r

Reload the current PDF file. Note that Xpdf will reload the file automatically (on a page change or redraw) if it has changed since it was last loaded.

control-L

Redraw the current page.

control-W

Close the current window.

f or control-F

Find a text string.

control-G

Find next occurrence.

control-P

Print.

n

Move to the next page. Scrolls to the top of the page, unless scroll lock is turned on.

p

Move to the previous page. Scrolls to the top of the page, unless scroll lock is turned on.

<Space> or <PageDown> or <Next>

Scroll down on the current page; if already at bottom, move to next page.

<Backspace> or <Delete> or <PageUp> or <Previous>

Scroll up on the current page; if already at top, move to previous page.

v

Move forward along the history path.

b

Move backward along the history path.

<Home>

Scroll to top of current page.

<End>

Scroll to bottom of current page.

control-<Home>

Scroll to first page of document.

control-<End>

Scroll to last page of document.

arrows

Scroll the current page.

g

Activate the page number text field ("goto page").

0

Set the zoom factor to zero (72 dpi).

+

Zoom in (increment the zoom factor by 1).

-

Zoom out (decrement the zoom factor by 1).

z

Set the zoom factor to 'page' (fit page to window).

w

Set the zoom factor to 'width' (fit page width to window).

q

Quit xpdf.

WEB BROWSERS

If you want to run xpdf automatically from netscape or mosaic (and probably other browsers) when you click on a link to a PDF file, you need to edit (or create) the files .mime.types and .mailcap in your home directory. In .mime.types add the line:

application/pdf pdf

In .mailcap add the lines:

# Use xpdf to view PDF files.

application/pdf; xpdf -q %s

Make sure that xpdf is on your executable search path.

When you click on a URL link in a PDF file, xpdf will execute the command specified by the urlCommand config file option, replacing an occurrence of '%s' with the URL. For example, to call netscape with the URL, add this line to your config file:

urlCommand "netscape -remote 'openURL(%s)'"

REMOTE SERVER MODE

Xpdf can be started in remote server mode by specifying a server name (in addition to the file name and page number). For example:

xpdf -remote myServer file.pdf

If there is currently no xpdf running in server mode with the name 'myServer', a new xpdf window will be opened. If another command:

xpdf -remote myServer another.pdf 9

is issued, a new copy of xpdf will not be started. Instead, the first xpdf (the server) will load another.pdf and display page nine. If the file name is the same:

xpdf -remote myServer another.pdf 4

the xpdf server will simply display the specified page.

The -raise option tells the server to raise its window; it can be specified with or without a file name and page number.

The -quit option tells the server to close its window and exit.  

EXIT CODES

The Xpdf tools use the following exit codes:

0

No error.

1

Error opening a PDF file.

2

Error opening an output file.

3

Error related to PDF permissions.

99

Other error.

AUTHOR

The xpdf software and documentation are copyright 1996-2004 Glyph & Cog, LLC.  

SEE ALSO

pdftops(1), pdftotext(1), pdfinfo(1), pdffonts(1), pdftoppm(1), pdfimages(1), xpdfrc(5)
http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/