MySQL連接配置文件密碼加密及其在多種連接池上的應用
為了安全,連接數據庫的配置文件中,如密碼等信息需要采用密文的形式存放。
本文將給出多種連接池數據庫密碼密文存放的實現~
如何配置數據庫密碼加密訪問數據庫?
將配置文件用戶相關的信息(例如:密碼)進行加密使其以密文形式存在,進行初始化連接池的時候進行解密操作,達到成功創建連接池的目的。
接下來,我們完成如下幾個連接池采用數據庫密文存儲的實現:
- DBCP連接池
- C3P0連接池
- Druid連接池
DBCP連接池
數據庫屬性文件database.properties
配置數據庫屬性文件, 配置數據庫連接的密碼(jdbc.password)設置為加密后的值,該值可以采用AES、DES、3DES等對稱加密方式實現,也可以采用RSA的加密算法存儲~
- # jdbc.driverClassName
- jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
- # Database URL
- jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/abc?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
- jdbc.username=abc
- jdbc.password=YpIADNvyi+/X2O33wS5E9SaEVKZgKuS70X8kgxgioEJ7+7KccS8aVmFIWndJ83NsUebDkb+w94HM3xCyjnjg4Q==
- # Time to wait for an open connection before timing out
- # (in milliseconds)
- cpool.checkoutTimeout=5000
- # Connection pool size
- cpool.minPoolSize=10
- cpool.maxPoolSize=50
- # How long to keep unused connections around(in seconds)
- # Note: MySQL times out idle connections after 8 hours(28,800 seconds)
- # so ensure this value is below MySQL idle timeout
- cpool.maxIdleTime=25200
- # How long to hang on to excess unused connections after traffic spike
- # (in seconds)
- cpool.maxIdleTimeExcessConnections=1800
- # Acquiring new connections is slow, so eagerly retrieve extra connections
- # when current pool size is reached
- cpool.acquireIncrement=10
自定義CustomDataSource
如果采用DBCP連接池,那么,我們可以采用自定義連接池,繼承org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource,然后重寫setPassword(String password)方法即可~
- import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
- /**
- * @Type CustomDataSource.java
- * @Desc
- * @author wangmengjun
- * @date 2017年12月12日 下午8:50:49
- * @version
- */
- public class CustomDataSource extends org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource {
- public CustomDataSource() {
- super();
- }
- @Override
- public void setPassword(String password) {
- try {
- String decodePassword = new String(Base64.decodeBase64(password.getBytes()));
- this.password =decodePassword;
- } catch (Exception e) {
- }
- }
- }
上述自定義DataSource示例中,采用Base64來完成簡單的加解密~
配置文件配置dataSource的地方,將org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource改寫成自定義連接池類名即可(如:com.xxx.datasource.CustomDataSource)~
- <bean id="dataSource" class="com.xxx.datasource.CustomDataSource"
- destroy-method="close">
- <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
- <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
- <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
- <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
- <!-- 可同時連接的最大的連接數 -->
- <property name="maxActive" value="60" />
- <!-- 最大的空閑的連接數 -->
- <property name="maxIdle" value="60" />
- <!-- 最小的空閑的連接數,低于這個數量會被創建新的連接,默認為0 -->
- <property name="minIdle" value="5" />
- <!-- 連接池啟動時創建的初始化連接數量,默認值為0 -->
- <property name="initialSize" value="1" />
- <!-- 等待連接超時時間,毫秒,默認為無限 -->
- <property name="maxWait" value="30000" />
- </bean>
經過上述幾個步驟,就可以采用密文配置數據庫密碼。
C3P0連接池
數據庫屬性文件database.properties
屬性配置文件內容和上述DBCP連接池示例中的一致~
如果采用的C3P0連接池,那么,我們要做的是在配置com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource的地方,增加properties屬性,編寫一個PropertiesFactory類,實現password的解密操作即可~
- 編寫CustomDatasourcePropertiesFactory類
- import java.util.Properties;
- import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
- import org.slf4j.Logger;
- import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
- /**
- * @Type CustomDatasourcePropertiesFactory.java
- * @Desc
- * @author wangmengjun
- * @date 2017年12月12日 下午9:11:06
- * @version
- */
- public class CustomDatasourcePropertiesFactory {
- private static final String PASSWORD_PROPERTY = "password";
- private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory
- .getLogger(CustomDatasourcePropertiesFactory.class);
- public static Properties getProperties(String password) throws Exception {
- Properties properties = new Properties();
- try {
- /**
- * 解密密碼
- */
- String decodePassword = new String(Base64.decodeBase64(password.getBytes()));
- properties.setProperty(PASSWORD_PROPERTY, decodePassword);
- } catch (Exception e) {
- logger.error("CustomDatasourcePropertiesFactory#getProperties" + e.getMessage(), e);
- }
- return properties;
- }
- }
采用Base64來完成密碼密文解密。
- 為ComboPooledDataSource配置名為properties的屬性
- <property name="properties">
- <bean class="com.xxx.datasource.CustomDatasourcePropertiesFactory"
- factory-method="getProperties">
- <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String">
- <value>${jdbc.password}</value>
- </constructor-arg>
- </bean>
- </property>
完整示例如下:
- <!-- 配置數據源-C3PO -->
- <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
- destroy-method="close">
- <property name="properties">
- <bean class="com.xxx.datasource.CustomDatasourcePropertiesFactory"
- factory-method="getProperties">
- <constructor-arg type="java.lang.String">
- <value>${jdbc.password}</value>
- </constructor-arg>
- </bean>
- </property>
- <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />
- <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
- <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
- <!-- <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> -->
- <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false" />
- <property name="maxIdleTime" value="${cpool.maxIdleTime}" />
- <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="${cpool.checkoutTimeout}" />
- <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${cpool.minPoolSize}" />
- <property name="minPoolSize" value="${cpool.minPoolSize}" />
- <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${cpool.maxPoolSize}" />
- <property name="acquireIncrement" value="${cpool.acquireIncrement}" />
- <property name="maxIdleTimeExcessConnections" value="${cpool.maxIdleTimeExcessConnections}" />
- </bean>
Druid連接池
數據庫連接屬性文件
- username=abc
- password=YpIADNvyi+/X2O33wS5E9SaEVKZgKuS70X8kgxgioEJ7+7KccS8aVmFIWndJ83NsUebDkb+w94HM3xCyjnjg4Q==
- url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/InIot?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull
- driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
- initialSize=5
- minIdle=5
- maxActive=20
- maxWait=60000
- timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
- minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=30000
- validationQuery=SELECT 1
- testWhileIdle=true
- testOnBorrow=true
- testOnReturn=true
- filters=stat,log4j
- removeAbandoned=true
- removeAbandonedTimeout=1200
- logAbandoned=true
實現密文密碼配置
在Druid連接池中密文采用RSA的方式進行,com.alibaba.druid.filter.config.ConfigTools工具類提供了RSA的加解密功能,經過如下2個步驟,能成密文密碼配置的功能~
- 產生一個密文
采用com.alibaba.druid.filter.config.ConfigTools完成RSA的加解密功能
ConfigTools的部分代碼如下:
- public class ConfigTools {
- private static final String DEFAULT_PRIVATE_KEY_STRING = "MIIBVAIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAT4wggE6AgEAAkEAocbCrurZGbC5GArEHKlAfDSZi7gFBnd4yxOt0rwTqKBFzGyhtQLu5PRKjEiOXVa95aeIIBJ6OhC2f8FjqFUpawIDAQABAkAPejKaBYHrwUqUEEOe8lpnB6lBAsQIUFnQI/vXU4MV+MhIzW0BLVZCiarIQqUXeOhThVWXKFt8GxCykrrUsQ6BAiEA4vMVxEHBovz1di3aozzFvSMdsjTcYRRo82hS5Ru2/OECIQC2fAPoXixVTVY7bNMeuxCP4954ZkXp7fEPDINCjcQDywIgcc8XLkkPcs3Jxk7uYofaXaPbg39wuJpEmzPIxi3k0OECIGubmdpOnin3HuCP/bbjbJLNNoUdGiEmFL5hDI4UdwAdAiEAtcAwbm08bKN7pwwvyqaCBC//VnEWaq39DCzxr+Z2EIk=";
- public static final String DEFAULT_PUBLIC_KEY_STRING = "MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBAKHGwq7q2RmwuRgKxBypQHw0mYu4BQZ3eMsTrdK8E6igRcxsobUC7uT0SoxIjl1WveWniCASejoQtn/BY6hVKWsCAwEAAQ==";
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- String password = args[0];
- String[] arr = genKeyPair(512);
- System.out.println("privateKey:" + arr[0]);
- System.out.println("publicKey:" + arr[1]);
- System.out.println("password:" + encrypt(arr[0], password));
- }
- public static String decrypt(String cipherText) throws Exception {
- return decrypt((String) null, cipherText);
- }
- public static String decrypt(String publicKeyText, String cipherText)
- throws Exception {
- PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey(publicKeyText);
- return decrypt(publicKey, cipherText);
- }
- ... ...
- }
測試一下:
- import com.alibaba.druid.filter.config.ConfigTools;
- /**
- * @Type ConfigToolsTest.java
- * @Desc
- * @author wangmengjun
- * @date 2017年12月12日 下午1:09:38
- * @version
- */
- public class ConfigToolsTest {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- String password = "abc123123";
- String encodePassword = ConfigTools.encrypt(password);
- System.out.println("明文密碼: " + encodePassword);
- System.out.println("密文密碼: " + ConfigTools.decrypt(encodePassword));
- }
- }
輸出:
- 明文密碼: TcrvCxmsd2588abZpfT8DE4C1GO3rbt6S99arh1yWJC/pGjhN3vzGN182j65Ei65M00PjR+uvMC/hN12t4CxHg==
- 密文密碼: abc123123
另外,也可以采用命令,獲取RSA公鑰、密鑰和密碼~
- java -cp druid-1.0.31.jar com.alibaba.druid.filter.config.ConfigTools you_password
如:
- F:\>java -cp druid-1.0.31.jar com.alibaba.druid.filter.config.ConfigTools abc123123
- privateKey:MIIBVAIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAT4wggE6AgEAAkEAzvPye2JYkSLqekOHPjNWdxYsfXP2XXAsJYR2Z1zukYlchouhvYvQhNrA9r7vxtvCFZKpWbAMC7YfKM4vvyz5DwIDAQABAkAgwlDR4yFt5/8B14qi9/Fp7GKigSawZ781OSCdAALrmm+9WrPsck9klZegUnUc5ewnjC3mBoqqd5aTrRH0EZtRAiEA9RfJ4yOjTEQtl2GXUWy2uP1evxyp8hbOxPYj1TDZDasCIQDYKaZrjySu7AJ9leScDGLmUBzhWX2FeXZ0IIMHEeq2LQIhAJA6TX2yrRfmTwX0Uf2CggxeXXENRxzFOyxAxFlig3g9AiAhuAWEu7R+MMSGsI4TpX777D1FDb+dxX+rx7KItMvHFQIgaHGt2T/Qw+qJ9+GIi9/qQkUhKUK59vDYFB5j0mmkJRc=
- publicKey:MFwwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEBBQADSwAwSAJBAM7z8ntiWJEi6npDhz4zVncWLH1z9l1wLCWEdmdc7pGJXIaLob2L0ITawPa+78bbwhWSqVmwDAu2HyjOL78s+Q8CAwEAAQ==
- password:zctG01uijEcWQ34N9ishfOkuQtMBucDApSeD+Jrg9qOitMavrrErhrQFeBkdlf4KI7b8YCUn2O6TWa6Z6fVQQg==
- F:\>
- 配置connectionProperties屬性
- <!-- config.decrypt=true -->
- <property name="filters" value="config" />
- <property name="connectionProperties" value="config.decrypt=true" />
詳細的數據源配置如下:
- <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
- <property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
- <property name="url" value="${url}" />
- <property name="username" value="${username}" />
- <property name="password" value="${password}" />
- <!-- config.decrypt=true -->
- <property name="filters" value="config" />
- <property name="connectionProperties" value="config.decrypt=true" />
- <!-- 初始化連接大小 -->
- <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" />
- <!-- 連接池最大使用連接數量 -->
- <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" />
- <!-- 連接池最大空閑 這個參數已經被棄用 -->
- <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
- <!-- 連接池最小空閑 -->
- <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
- <!-- 獲取連接最大等待時間 -->
- <property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
- <property name="validationQuery" value="${validationQuery}" />
- <property name="testWhileIdle" value="${testWhileIdle}" />
- <property name="testOnBorrow" value="${testOnBorrow}" />
- <property name="testOnReturn" value="${testOnReturn}" />
- <!-- 配置間隔多久才進行一次檢測,檢測需要關閉的空閑連接,單位是毫秒 -->
- <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="${timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis}" />
- <!-- 配置一個連接在池中最小生存的時間,單位是毫秒 -->
- <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="${minEvictableIdleTimeMillis}" />
- <!-- 關閉長時間不使用的連接 打開removeAbandoned功能 -->
- <property name="removeAbandoned" value="${removeAbandoned}" />
- <!-- 1200秒,也就是20分鐘 -->
- <property name="removeAbandonedTimeout" value="${removeAbandonedTimeout}" />
- <!-- 關閉abanded連接時輸出錯誤日志 -->
- <property name="logAbandoned" value="${logAbandoned}" />
- </bean>
可以從Druid官網獲取更多的信息。
【官網】https://github.com/alibaba/druid/wiki/使用ConfigFilter
至此,三種數據庫連接池,包括DBCP、C3P0以及Druid的密碼配置就完成了~
回顧一下:
如何配置數據庫密碼加密訪問數據庫 ?
將配置文件用戶相關的信息(例如:密碼)進行加密使其以密文形式存在,進行初始化連接池的時候進行解密操作,達到成功創建連接池的目的。