SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch 輕松搞定海量級數據搜索服務 (終極版)

作者：志哥聊技術 2024-11-14 10:38:43

本文主要圍繞 SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch 接受數據的插入和搜索使用技巧，在實際的使用過程中，版本號尤其的重要，不同版本的 es，對應的 api 是不一樣的。

一、背景介紹

實際的項目開發過程中，我們通常基于某些主流框架平臺進行技術開發，比如 SpringBoot，今天我們就以 SpringBoot 整合 ElasticSearch 為例，給大家詳細的介紹 ElasticSearch 的使用！

SpringBoot 連接 ElasticSearch，主流的方式有以下四種方式

方式一：通過Elastic Transport Client客戶端連接 es 服務器，底層基于 TCP 協議通過 transport 模塊和遠程 ES 服務端通信，不過，從 V7.0 開始官方不建議使用，V8.0開始正式移除。
方式二：通過Elastic Java Low Level Rest Client客戶端連接 es 服務器，底層基于 HTTP 協議通過 restful API 來和遠程 ES 服務端通信，只提供了最簡單最基本的 API，類似于上篇文章中給大家介紹的 API 操作邏輯
方式三：通過Elastic Java High Level Rest Client客戶端連接 es 服務器，底層基于Elastic Java Low Level Rest Client客戶端做了一層封裝，提供了更高級得 API 且和Elastic Transport Client接口及參數保持一致，官方推薦的 es 客戶端。
方式四：通過JestClient客戶端連接 es 服務器，這是開源社區基于 HTTP 協議開發的一款 es 客戶端，官方宣稱接口及代碼設計比 ES 官方提供的 Rest 客戶端更簡潔、更合理，更好用，具有一定的 ES 服務端版本兼容性，但是更新速度不是很快，目前 ES 版本已經出到 V7.9，但是JestClient只支持 V1.0~V6.X 版本的 ES。

還有一個需要大家注意的地方，那就是版本號的兼容！

在開發過程中，大家尤其需要關注一下客戶端和服務端的版本號，要盡可能保持一致，比如服務端 es 的版本號是6.8.2，那么連接 es 的客戶端版本號，最好也是6.8.2，即使因項目的原因不能保持一致，客戶端的版本號必須在6.0.0 ～6.8.2，不要超過服務器的版本號，這樣客戶端才能保持正常工作，否則會出現很多意想不到的問題，假如客戶端是7.0.4的版本號，此時的程序會各種報錯，甚至沒辦法用！

為什么要這樣做呢？主要原因就是 es 的服務端，高版本不兼容低版本；es6 和 es7 的某些 API 請求參數結構有著很大的區別，所以客戶端和服務端版本號盡量保持一致。

廢話也不多說了，直接上代碼！

二、代碼實踐

本文采用的SpringBoot版本號是2.1.0.RELEASE，服務端 es 的版本號是6.8.2，客戶端采用的是官方推薦的Elastic Java High Level Rest Client版本號是6.4.2，方便與SpringBoot的版本兼容。

2.1、導入依賴

<!--elasticsearch-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
    <version>6.4.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-client</artifactId>
    <version>6.4.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
    <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
    <version>6.4.2</version>
</dependency>

2.2、配置環境變量

在application.properties全局配置文件中，配置elasticsearch自定義環境變量

elasticsearch.scheme=http
elasticsearch.address=127.0.0.1:9200
elasticsearch.userName=
elasticsearch.userPwd=
elasticsearch.socketTimeout=5000
elasticsearch.connectTimeout=5000
elasticsearch.connectionRequestTimeout=5000

2.3、創建 elasticsearch 的 config 類

@Configuration
public class ElasticsearchConfiguration {

    private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ElasticsearchConfiguration.class);


    private static final int ADDRESS_LENGTH = 2;

    @Value("${elasticsearch.scheme:http}")
    private String scheme;

    @Value("${elasticsearch.address}")
    private String address;

    @Value("${elasticsearch.userName}")
    private String userName;

    @Value("${elasticsearch.userPwd}")
    private String userPwd;

    @Value("${elasticsearch.socketTimeout:5000}")
    private Integer socketTimeout;

    @Value("${elasticsearch.connectTimeout:5000}")
    private Integer connectTimeout;

    @Value("${elasticsearch.connectionRequestTimeout:5000}")
    private Integer connectionRequestTimeout;

    /**
     * 初始化客戶端
     * @return
     */
    @Bean(name = "restHighLevelClient")
    public RestHighLevelClient restClientBuilder() {
        HttpHost[] hosts = Arrays.stream(address.split(","))
                .map(this::buildHttpHost)
                .filter(Objects::nonNull)
                .toArray(HttpHost[]::new);
        RestClientBuilder restClientBuilder = RestClient.builder(hosts);
        // 異步參數配置
        restClientBuilder.setHttpClientConfigCallback(httpClientBuilder -> {
            httpClientBuilder.setDefaultCredentialsProvider(buildCredentialsProvider());
            return httpClientBuilder;
        });

        // 異步連接延時配置
        restClientBuilder.setRequestConfigCallback(requestConfigBuilder -> {
            requestConfigBuilder.setConnectionRequestTimeout(connectionRequestTimeout);
            requestConfigBuilder.setSocketTimeout(socketTimeout);
            requestConfigBuilder.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);
            return requestConfigBuilder;
        });

        return new RestHighLevelClient(restClientBuilder);
    }


    /**
     * 根據配置創建HttpHost
     * @param s
     * @return
     */
    private HttpHost buildHttpHost(String s) {
        String[] address = s.split(":");
        if (address.length == ADDRESS_LENGTH) {
            String ip = address[0];
            int port = Integer.parseInt(address[1]);
            return new HttpHost(ip, port, scheme);
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 構建認證服務
     * @return
     */
    private CredentialsProvider buildCredentialsProvider(){
        final CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
        credentialsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY, new UsernamePasswordCredentials(userName,
                userPwd));
        return credentialsProvider;
    }
}

至此，客戶端配置完畢，項目啟動的時候，會自動注入到Spring的ioc容器里面。

2.4、索引管理

es 中最重要的就是索引庫，客戶端如何創建呢？請看下文！

創建索引

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class IndexJunit {


    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 創建索引（簡單模式）
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void createIndex() throws IOException {
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("cs_index");
        CreateIndexResponse response = client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
    }


    /**
     * 創建索引（復雜模式）
     * 可以直接把對應的文檔結構也一并初始化
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void createIndexComplete() throws IOException {
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest();
        //索引名稱
        request.index("cs_index");
        //索引配置
        Settings settings = Settings.builder()
                .put("index.number_of_shards", 3)
                .put("index.number_of_replicas", 1)
                .build();
        request.settings(settings);

        //映射結構字段
        Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap();
        properties.put("id", ImmutableBiMap.of("type", "text"));
        properties.put("name", ImmutableBiMap.of("type", "text"));
        properties.put("sex", ImmutableBiMap.of("type", "text"));
        properties.put("age", ImmutableBiMap.of("type", "long"));
        properties.put("city", ImmutableBiMap.of("type", "text"));
        properties.put("createTime", ImmutableBiMap.of("type", "long"));
        Map<String, Object> mapping = new HashMap<>();
        mapping.put("properties", properties);
        //添加一個默認類型
        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(request));
        request.mapping("_doc",mapping);
        CreateIndexResponse response = client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
    }

}

刪除索引

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class IndexJunit {


    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 刪除索引
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void deleteIndex() throws IOException {
        DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("cs_index1");
        AcknowledgedResponse response = client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
    }


}

查詢索引

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class IndexJunit {


    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 查詢索引
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void getIndex() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest();
        request.indices("cs_index");
        // 執行請求,獲取響應
        GetIndexResponse response = client.indices().get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

查詢索引是否存在

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class IndexJunit {


    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 檢查索引是否存在
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void exists() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest();
        request.indices("cs_index");
        // 執行請求,獲取響應
        boolean response = client.indices().exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response);
    }

}

查詢所有的索引名稱

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class IndexJunit {


    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 查詢所有的索引名稱
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void getAllIndices() throws IOException {
        GetAliasesRequest request = new GetAliasesRequest();
        GetAliasesResponse response =  client.indices().getAlias(request,RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        Map<String, Set<AliasMetaData>> map = response.getAliases();
        Set<String> indices = map.keySet();
        for (String key : indices) {
            System.out.println(key);
        }
    }

}

查詢索引映射字段

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class IndexJunit {


    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 查詢索引映射字段
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void getMapping() throws IOException {
        GetMappingsRequest request = new GetMappingsRequest();
        request.indices("cs_index");
        request.types("_doc");
        GetMappingsResponse response = client.indices().getMapping(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }


}

添加索引映射字段

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class IndexJunit {


    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 添加索引映射字段
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void addMapping() throws IOException {
        PutMappingRequest request = new PutMappingRequest();
        request.indices("cs_index");
        request.type("_doc");

        //添加字段
        Map<String, Object> properties = new HashMap();
        properties.put("accountName", ImmutableBiMap.of("type", "keyword"));
        Map<String, Object> mapping = new HashMap<>();
        mapping.put("properties", properties);
        request.source(mapping);
        PutMappingResponse response = client.indices().putMapping(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
    }


}

2.5、文檔管理

所謂文檔，就是向索引里面添加數據，方便進行數據查詢，詳細操作內容，請看下文！

添加文檔

public class UserDocument {

    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private Integer age;
    private String city;
    private Date createTime;

    //省略get、set...
}

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class DocJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;


    /**
     * 添加文檔
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void addDocument() throws IOException {
        // 創建對象
        UserDocument user = new UserDocument();
        user.setId("1");
        user.setName("里斯");
        user.setCity("武漢");
        user.setSex("男");
        user.setAge(20);
        user.setCreateTime(new Date());

        // 創建索引,即獲取索引
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest();
        // 外層參數
        request.id("1");
        request.index("cs_index");
        request.type("_doc");
        request.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1));
        // 存入對象
        request.source(JSON.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);
        // 發送請求
        System.out.println(request.toString());
        IndexResponse response = client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

更新文檔

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class DocJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;


    /**
     * 更新文檔（按需修改）
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void updateDocument() throws IOException {
        // 創建對象
        UserDocument user = new UserDocument();
        user.setId("2");
        user.setName("程咬金");
        user.setCreateTime(new Date());
        // 創建索引,即獲取索引
        UpdateRequest request = new UpdateRequest();
        // 外層參數
        request.id("2");
        request.index("cs_index");
        request.type("_doc");
        request.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1));
        // 存入對象
        request.doc(JSON.toJSONString(user), XContentType.JSON);
        // 發送請求
        System.out.println(request.toString());
        UpdateResponse response = client.update(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }


}

刪除文檔

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class DocJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;


    /**
     * 刪除文檔
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void deleteDocument() throws IOException {
        // 創建索引,即獲取索引
        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest();
        // 外層參數
        request.id("1");
        request.index("cs_index");
        request.type("_doc");
        request.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1));
        // 發送請求
        System.out.println(request.toString());
        DeleteResponse response = client.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }


}

查詢文檔是不是存在

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class DocJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;


    /**
     * 查詢文檔是不是存在
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void exists() throws IOException {
        // 創建索引,即獲取索引
        GetRequest request = new GetRequest();
        // 外層參數
        request.id("3");
        request.index("cs_index");
        request.type("_doc");
        // 發送請求
        System.out.println(request.toString());
        boolean response = client.exists(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response);
    }
}

通過 ID 查詢指定文檔

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class DocJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;


    /**
     * 通過ID，查詢指定文檔
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void getById() throws IOException {
        // 創建索引,即獲取索引
        GetRequest request = new GetRequest();
        // 外層參數
        request.id("1");
        request.index("cs_index");
        request.type("_doc");
        // 發送請求
        System.out.println(request.toString());
        GetResponse response = client.get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

批量添加文檔

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class DocJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;


    /**
     * 批量添加文檔
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void batchAddDocument() throws IOException {
        // 批量請求
        BulkRequest bulkRequest = new BulkRequest();
        bulkRequest.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(10));
        // 創建對象
        List<UserDocument> userArrayList = new ArrayList<>();
        userArrayList.add(new UserDocument("張三", "男", 30, "武漢"));
        userArrayList.add(new UserDocument("里斯", "女", 31, "北京"));
        userArrayList.add(new UserDocument("王五", "男", 32, "武漢"));
        userArrayList.add(new UserDocument("趙六", "女", 33, "長沙"));
        userArrayList.add(new UserDocument("七七", "男", 34, "武漢"));
        // 添加請求
        for (int i = 0; i < userArrayList.size(); i++) {
            userArrayList.get(i).setId(String.valueOf(i));
            IndexRequest indexRequest = new IndexRequest();
            // 外層參數
            indexRequest.id(String.valueOf(i));
            indexRequest.index("cs_index");
            indexRequest.type("_doc");
            indexRequest.timeout(TimeValue.timeValueSeconds(1));
            indexRequest.source(JSON.toJSONString(userArrayList.get(i)), XContentType.JSON);
            bulkRequest.add(indexRequest);
        }
        // 執行請求
        BulkResponse response = client.bulk(bulkRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.status());
    }

}

2.6、高級查詢管理

es 最大的亮點就是查詢非常豐富，可以在上億的數據里面快速搜索出目標數據，查詢如果實現呢？請看下文

單條件精確查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 單條件精確查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search0() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "趙里"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

多條件精確查詢，取并集

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 多條件精確查詢，取并集
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search1() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("name", "張", "陳"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

范圍查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 范圍查詢，包括from、to
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search2() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(20).to(32));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }


    /**
     * 范圍查詢，不包括from、to
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search3() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").from(20,false).to(30, false));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }


    /**
     * 范圍查詢, lt:小于，gt:大于
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search4() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lt(30).gt(20));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

模糊查詢，支持通配符

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 模糊查詢，支持通配符
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search5() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.wildcardQuery("name","張三"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

不使用通配符的模糊查詢，左右匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 不使用通配符的模糊查詢，左右匹配
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search6() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.queryStringQuery("張三").field("name"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

多字段模糊查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 多字段模糊查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search7() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.multiMatchQuery("長", "name", "city"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

多字段模糊查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 分頁搜索
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search8() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .from(0).size(2);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

字段排序

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 排序，字段的類型必須是：integer、double、long或者keyword
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search9() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .sort("createTime", SortOrder.ASC);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

精確統計篩選文檔數

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 精確統計篩選文檔數,查詢性能有所降低
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search10() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .trackTotalHits(true);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

設置源字段過濾返回

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 設置源字段過慮,第一個參數結果集包括哪些字段，第二個參數表示結果集不包括哪些字段
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search11() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .fetchSource(new String[]{"name","age","city","createTime"},new String[]{});

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

根據 id 精確匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 根據id精確匹配
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search12() throws IOException {
        String[] ids = new String[]{"1","2"};
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.termsQuery("_id", ids));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }

}

matchAllQuery 搜索全部

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * matchAllQuery搜索全部
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search21() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

match 搜索匹配

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * match搜索匹配
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search22() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder()
                .query(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "張王"));

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

bool組合查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * bool組合查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search23() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "張王"));
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lte(30).gte(20));
        builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

nested 類型嵌套查詢

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * nested類型嵌套查詢
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search24() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件查詢
        BoolQueryBuilder mainBool=new BoolQueryBuilder();
        mainBool.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "趙六"));

        //nested類型嵌套查詢
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("products.brand", "A"));
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("products.title", "巧克力"));
        NestedQueryBuilder nested = QueryBuilders.nestedQuery("products",boolQueryBuilder, ScoreMode.None);
        mainBool.must(nested);

        builder.query(mainBool);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

多條件查詢 + 排序 + 分頁

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 多條件查詢 + 排序 + 分頁
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search29() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        BoolQueryBuilder boolQueryBuilder=new BoolQueryBuilder();
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.matchQuery("name", "張王"));
        boolQueryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.rangeQuery("age").lte(30).gte(20));
        builder.query(boolQueryBuilder);

        //結果集合分頁
        builder.from(0).size(2);

        //排序
        builder.sort("createTime",SortOrder.ASC);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

聚合查詢-求和

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 聚合查詢 sum
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search30() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //聚合查詢
        AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.sum("sum_age").field("age");
        builder.aggregation(aggregation);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

聚合查詢-求平均值

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 聚合查詢 avg
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search31() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //聚合查詢
        AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_age").field("age");
        builder.aggregation(aggregation);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

聚合查詢-計數

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 聚合查詢 count
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search32() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //聚合查詢
        AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.count("count_age").field("age");
        builder.aggregation(aggregation);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

聚合查詢-分組

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ElasticSearchApplication.class)
public class SearchJunit {

    @Autowired
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    /**
     * 聚合查詢 分組
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @Test
    public void search33() throws IOException {
        // 創建請求
        SearchSourceBuilder builder = new SearchSourceBuilder();

        //條件搜索
        builder.query(QueryBuilders.matchAllQuery());
        //聚合查詢
        AggregationBuilder aggregation = AggregationBuilders.terms("tag_createTime").field("createTime")
                .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.count("count_age").field("age")) //計數
                .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.sum("sum_age").field("age")) //求和
                .subAggregation(AggregationBuilders.avg("avg_age").field("age")); //求平均值

        builder.aggregation(aggregation);

        //不輸出原始數據
        builder.size(0);

        //搜索
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest();
        searchRequest.indices("cs_index");
        searchRequest.types("_doc");
        searchRequest.source(builder);
        // 執行請求
        SearchResponse response = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 解析查詢結果
        System.out.println(response.toString());
    }
}

三、小結

責任編輯：武曉燕來源：潘志的研發筆記

Spring 數據搜索服務

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