public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
    routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

    routes.MapRoute(
        "Default",                                              // Route name
        "{controller}/{action}/{id}",                           // URL with parameters
        new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = "" }  // Parameter defaults
    );
}
protected void Application_Start()
{
    RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
}

GetRouteData
public override RouteData GetRouteData(HttpContextBase httpContext)
{
    string virtualPath = httpContext.Request.AppRelativeCurrentExecutionFilePath.Substring(2) +       httpContext.Request.PathInfo;
    RouteValueDictionary values = this._parsedRoute.Match(virtualPath, this.Defaults);
    if (values == null)
    {
        return null;
    }
    RouteData data = new RouteData(this, this.RouteHandler);
    if (!this.ProcessConstraints(httpContext, values, RouteDirection.IncomingRequest))
    {
        return null;
    }
    foreach (KeyValuePair pair in values)
    {
        data.Values.Add(pair.Key, pair.Value);
    }
    if (this.DataTokens != null)
    {
        foreach (KeyValuePair pair2 in this.DataTokens)
        {
            data.DataTokens[pair2.Key] = pair2.Value;
        }
    }
    return data;
}

PostResolveRequestCache
public virtual void PostResolveRequestCache(HttpContextBase context)
{
    RouteData routeData = this.RouteCollection.GetRouteData(context);
    if (routeData != null)
    {
        IRouteHandler routeHandler = routeData.RouteHandler;
        if (routeHandler == null)
        {
            throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture, RoutingResources.UrlRoutingModule_NoRouteHandler, new object[0]));
        }
        if (!(routeHandler is StopRoutingHandler))
        {
            RequestContext requestContext = new RequestContext(context, routeData);
            IHttpHandler httpHandler = routeHandler.GetHttpHandler(requestContext);
            if (httpHandler == null)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentUICulture, RoutingResources.UrlRoutingModule_NoHttpHandler, new object[] { routeHandler.GetType() }));
            }
            RequestData data2 = new RequestData();
            data2.OriginalPath = context.Request.Path;
            data2.HttpHandler = httpHandler;
            context.Items[_requestDataKey] = data2;
            context.RewritePath("~/UrlRouting.axd");
        }
    }
}