Linq使用Select淺談
在向大家詳細介紹Linq使用Select之前,首先讓大家了解下Linq To Sql查詢數據庫,然后全面介紹Linq使用Select。
下面通過一些例子來說明怎樣Linq使用Select,參考自:LINQ Samples
1. 可以對查詢出來的結果做一些轉換,下面的例子在數組中查找以"B"開頭的名字,然后全部轉成小寫輸出:
- string[] names = { "Jack", "Bob", "Bill", "Catty", "Willam" };
- var rs = from n in names
- where n.StartsWith("B")
- select n.ToLower();
- foreach (var r in rs)
- Console.WriteLine(r);
2. 返回匿名類型,比如Linq To Sql查詢數據庫的時候只返回需要的信息,下面的例子是在Northwind數據庫中查詢Customer表,返回所有名字以"B"開頭的客戶的ID和名稱:
- NorthwindDataContext dc = new NorthwindDataContext();
- var cs = from c in dc.Customers
- where c.ContactName.StartsWith("B")
- select new
- {
- CustomerID = c.CustomerID,
- CustomerName = c.ContactTitle + " " + c.ContactName
- };
- foreach (var c in cs)
- Console.WriteLine(c);
3. 對于數組,select可以對數組元素以及索引進行操作:
- string[] names = { "Jack", "Bob", "Bill", "Catty", "Willam" };
- var rs = names.Select((name, index) => new { Name = name, Index = index });
- foreach (var r in rs)
- Console.WriteLine(r);
4. 組合查詢,可以對多個數據源進行組合條件查詢(相當于Linq使用SelectMany函數),下面的例子其實就相對于一個雙重循環遍歷:
- int[] numbersA = { 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 };
- int[] numbersB = { 1, 3, 5, 7, 8 };
- var pairs =
- from a in numbersA,
- b in numbersB
- where a < b
- select new {a, b};
- Console.WriteLine("Pairs where a < b:");
- foreach (var pair in pairs)
- Console.WriteLine("{0} is less than {1}", pair.a, pair.b);
而用Linq To Sql的話,相當于進行一次子查詢:
- NorthwindDataContext dc = new NorthwindDataContext();
- var rs = from c in dc.Customers
- from o in c.Orders
- where o.ShipCity.StartsWith("B")
- select new { CustomerName = c.ContactName, OrderID = o.OrderID };
- foreach (var r in rs)
- Console.WriteLine(r);
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