后端技術:Mybatis中resultMap用法示例筆記
1、概念
resultMap屬于mybatis返回操作結果的一個標簽,可以用來映射select查詢出來結果的集合,主要作用是將實體類中的字段與數據庫表中的字段進行關聯映射。并且支持復雜的返回結果類型。
2、使用場景
2.1 屬性映射
當數據庫字段和項目中的實體屬性不一致時,可以使resultMap進行數據庫字段和實體類屬性的映射關系比如:
- column="id" jdbcType="integer" property="id" />
- column="user_name" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="userName" />
說明:如果數據庫字段和實體類屬性一致的情況下,可以省略不寫。
2.2 實現Java復雜實體類用法
a.初始化腳本
- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_user`;
- CREATE TABLE `t_user` (
- `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
- `user_name` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET armscii8 DEFAULT NULL,
- `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET armscii8 DEFAULT NULL,
- `last_login_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
- `sex` tinyint(4) DEFAULT NULL,
- PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
- ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=8 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
- -- ----------------------------
- -- Records of t_user
- -- ----------------------------
- INSERT INTO `t_user` VALUES ('1', 'xiaoxin', '123', '2019-07-27 16:01:21', '1');
- INSERT INTO `t_user` VALUES ('2', 'jack jo', '123', '2019-07-24 16:01:37', '1');
- INSERT INTO `t_user` VALUES ('4', 'landengdeng', '123', '2019-07-24 16:01:37', '1');
- INSERT INTO `t_user` VALUES ('5', 'max', '123', '2019-07-24 16:01:37', '1');
- INSERT INTO `t_user` VALUES ('6', 'liua11', '123456', null, '1');
- INSERT INTO `t_user` VALUES ('7', 'xiaozhang', '888888', null, '1');
- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_hobby`;
- CREATE TABLE `t_hobby` (
- `id` int(11) NOT NULL,
- `hobbyName` varchar(50) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
- `userId` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
- PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
- ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;
- -- ----------------------------
- -- Records of t_hobby
- -- ----------------------------
- INSERT INTO `t_hobby` VALUES ('0', '音樂', '2');
- INSERT INTO `t_hobby` VALUES ('1', '籃球', '1');
- INSERT INTO `t_hobby` VALUES ('2', '讀書', '1');
b.定義實體類
定義實體 UserDO.java
- public class UserDO {
- private Integer id;
- private String userName;
- private String password;
- private Integer sex;
- private Date lastLoginTime;
- public Integer getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Integer id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getUserName() {
- return userName;
- }
- public void setUserName(String userName) {
- this.userName = userName;
- }
- public String getPassword() {
- return password;
- }
- public void setPassword(String password) {
- this.password = password;
- }
- public Integer getSex() {
- return sex;
- }
- public void setSex(Integer sex) {
- this.sex = sex;
- }
- public Date getLastLoginTime() {
- return lastLoginTime;
- }
- public void setLastLoginTime(Date lastLoginTime) {
- this.lastLoginTime = lastLoginTime;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "UserDO{" +
- "id=" + id +
- ", userName='" + userName + '\'' +
- ", password='" + password + '\'' +
- ", sex=" + sex +
- ", lastLoginTime=" + lastLoginTime +
- '}';
- }
定義實體類 HobbyDO.java
- public class HobbyDO {
- private Integer id;
- private String hobbyName;
- private Integer userId;
- public Integer getId() {
- return id;
- }
- public void setId(Integer id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
- public String getHobbyName() {
- return hobbyName;
- }
- public void setHobbyName(String hobbyName) {
- this.hobbyName = hobbyName;
- }
- public Integer getUserId() {
- return userId;
- }
- public void setUserId(Integer userId) {
- this.userId = userId;
- }
- @Override
- public String toString() {
- return "HobbyDO{" +
- "id=" + id +
- ", hobbyName='" + hobbyName + '\'' +
- ", userId=" + userId +
- '}';
- }
c.定義model類
定義類 HobbyVO.java 用來演示一對一
- public class HobbyVo extends HobbyDO {
- private UserDO user ;
- public UserDO getUser() {
- return user;
- }
- public void setUser(UserDO user) {
- this.user = user;
- }
- }
- 定義類 UserVO.java 用來演示1對多
- public class UserVO extends UserDO {
- private Listlist;
- public ListgetList() {
- return list;
- }
- public void setList(Listlist) {
- this.list = list;
- }
- }
d.定義mapper類文件
定義UserInfoMapper.java文件
- package my.springboot.mybatis.dao;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.entity.UserDO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.model.UserVO;
- import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
- @Mapper
- public interface UserInfoMapper {
- UserDO get(Integer id);
- List getUserVOMap(Integer id);
- List getHobbyByUserId(Integer userId);
- }
定義HobbyMapper.java文件
- package my.springboot.mybatis.dao;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.entity.UserDO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.model.HobbyVo;
- import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
- import java.util.List;
- import java.util.Map;
- @Mapper
- public interface HobbyMapper {
- List getHobbyByUserId(Integer userId);
- List getHobbyVOMap();
- }
e.定義service服務
定義IUserInfoService.java
- package my.springboot.mybatis.service;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.entity.UserDO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.model.HobbyVo;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.model.UserVO;
- import java.util.List;
- public interface IUserInfoService {
- List getUserVOMap(Integer userId);
- List getHobbyMap();
- }
定義UserInfoService.java
- package my.springboot.mybatis.service.impl;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.dao.HobbyMapper;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.dao.UserInfoMapper;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.entity.UserDO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.model.HobbyVo;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.model.UserVO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.service.IUserInfoService;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import java.util.List;
- @Service
- public class UserInfoService implements IUserInfoService {
- @Autowired
- private UserInfoMapper mapper;
- @Autowired
- private HobbyMapper hobbyMapper;
- @Override
- public List getUserVOMap(Integer id)
- {
- return this.mapper.getUserVOMap(id);
- }
- @Override
- public ListgetHobbyMap() {
- return hobbyMapper.getHobbyVOMap();
- }
- }
f.定義測試控制器
HomeController.java
- package my.springboot.mybatis.controller;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.entity.UserDO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.model.HobbyVo;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.model.UserVO;
- import my.springboot.mybatis.service.IUserInfoService;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
- import javax.jws.soap.SOAPBinding;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.List;
- @Controller
- public class HomeController {
- @Autowired
- private IUserInfoService userInfoService;
- @RequestMapping("index") //注解映射請求路徑
- @ResponseBody //可以將java對象轉為json格式的數據
- public String index()
- {
- List vo=userInfoService.getUserVOMap(1);
- List list=userInfoService.getHobbyMap();
- return "Hello World !";
- }
- }
g.定義xml文件
定義HobbyMapper.xml文件
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
- <mapper namespace="my.springboot.mybatis.dao.HobbyMapper">
- <select id="getHobbyByUserId" resultType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO" parameterType="integer">
- select * from t_hobby where userId= #{id}
- </select>
- <resultMap id="hobbyVOMap" type="my.springboot.mybatis.model.HobbyVo">
- <id property="id" column="id"/>
- <association property="user" column="userId" javaType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO"
- select="my.springboot.mybatis.dao.UserInfoMapper.get">
- </association>
- </resultMap>
- <select id="getHobbyVOMap" resultMap="hobbyVOMap" parameterType="integer">
- select * from t_hobby
- </select>
- </mapper>
定義UserInfoMapper.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
- <mapper namespace="my.springboot.mybatis.dao.UserInfoMapper">
- <select id="get" resultType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.UserDO">
- select `id`,`user_name`,`password`,`last_login_time`,`sex` from t_user where id = #{value}
- </select>
- <!--跨xml文件寫法 my.springboot.mybatis.dao.HobbyMapper.getHobbyByUserId-->
- <resultMap id="userVOMap" type="my.springboot.mybatis.model.UserVO">
- <id property="id" column="id"/>
- <collection property="list" column="id" ofType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO" select="my.springboot.mybatis.dao.HobbyMapper.getHobbyByUserId">
- </collection>
- </resultMap>
- <select id="getUserVOMap" resultMap="userVOMap" parameterType="integer">
- select * from t_user
- </select>
- <select id="getHobbyByUserId" resultType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO" parameterType="integer">
- select * from t_hobby where userId= #{id}
- </select>
- </mapper>
訪問地址:http://localhost:8090/index項目結構:
3、總結
resultMap用途主要有一下兩點:
1、數據庫字段和Java類屬性映射
2、實現復雜的model類的查詢
model中包含實體類使用關鍵字:association
- <select id="getHobbyByUserId" resultType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO" parameterType="integer">
- select * from t_hobby where userId= #{id}
- </select>
- <resultMap id="hobbyVOMap" type="my.springboot.mybatis.model.HobbyVo">
- <id property="id" column="id"/>
- <association property="user" column="userId" javaType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO"
- select="my.springboot.mybatis.dao.UserInfoMapper.get">
- <!-- 說明:如果調用的方法不在當前xml里面,需要指明完整的mapper路徑 my.springboot.mybatis.dao.UserInfoMapper.get --> </association>
- </resultMap>
- <select id="getHobbyVOMap" resultMap="hobbyVOMap" parameterType="integer">
- select * from t_hobby
- </select>
model中包含集合使用:collection 關鍵代碼
- <resultMap id="userVOMap" type="my.springboot.mybatis.model.UserVO">
- <id property="id" column="id"/>
- <collection property="list" column="id" ofType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO" select="my.springboot.mybatis.dao.HobbyMapper.getHobbyByUserId">
- </collection>
- </resultMap>
- <select id="getUserVOMap" resultMap="userVOMap" parameterType="integer">
- select * from t_user
- </select>
- <select id="getHobbyByUserId" resultType="my.springboot.mybatis.entity.HobbyDO" parameterType="integer">
- select * from t_hobby where userId= #{id}
- </select>
注意:實際的查詢過程當中,并不是必須要保證數據庫字段名稱和實體的屬性名稱保持一致,如果查詢語句查詢字段指定別名,也是可以正常做映射的,要會靈活使用。